[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1497},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/blog/automated-debian-package-build-with-gitlab-ci":3,"navigation-en-us":708,"banner-en-us":1136,"footer-en-us":1146,"blog-post-authors-en-us-Adfinis SyGroup":1391,"blog-related-posts-en-us-automated-debian-package-build-with-gitlab-ci":1407,"blog-promotions-en-us":1433,"next-steps-en-us":1487},{"id":4,"title":5,"authors":6,"body":8,"category":675,"date":676,"description":677,"extension":678,"externalUrl":679,"faq":679,"featured":680,"heroImage":681,"meta":682,"navigation":169,"path":699,"seo":700,"slug":704,"stem":705,"tags":679,"template":706,"updatedDate":679,"__hash__":707},"blogPosts/en-us/blog/automated-debian-package-build-with-gitlab-ci.md","Automated Debian Package Build with GitLab CI",[7],"Adfinis SyGroup",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":668},"minimark",[11,20,27,30,37,42,45,94,101,105,112,134,155,264,267,286,289,293,300,383,395,406,605,611,614,624,635,639,642,649,653,664],[12,13,14,15,19],"p",{},"This post is a customer story by [Adfinis SyGroup]",[16,17,18],"span",{},"adf",".",[12,21,22,23,26],{},"We've decided to use [GitLab CI]",[16,24,25],{},"ci"," to build Debian packages\nautomatically. GitLab CI allows users to execute tasks based\non definable events, such as Git tags.",[12,28,29],{},"We've created a generic Docker container which contains the base\npackage-building tools and is used by GitLab to build the package.\nUpdates can be easily installed in the build environment, since the\nDocker container can be simply replaced with a new one.",[12,31,32,33,36],{},"The following shows the automated packaging of the ",[16,34,35],{},"GoAccess"," log\nanalysis tool. Many tools are not packaged in their latest version\nand thus have to be created manually.",[38,39,41],"h2",{"id":40},"prepare-the-debian-package","Prepare the Debian Package",[12,43,44],{},"First, the files which control the building of the Debian package\nare created. In the case of GoAccess, these are:",[46,47,52],"pre",{"className":48,"code":49,"language":50,"meta":51,"style":51},"language-shell shiki shiki-themes github-light","debian/changelog # Changes to the package and software\ndebian/compat    # Compatibility level for debhelper\ndebian/control   # Package-specific information such as dependencies and description\ndebian/rules     # Instructions for debhelper\n","shell","",[53,54,55,67,76,85],"code",{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,56,59,63],{"class":57,"line":58},"line",1,[16,60,62],{"class":61},"s7eDp","debian/changelog",[16,64,66],{"class":65},"sAwPA"," # Changes to the package and software\n",[16,68,70,73],{"class":57,"line":69},2,[16,71,72],{"class":61},"debian/compat",[16,74,75],{"class":65},"    # Compatibility level for debhelper\n",[16,77,79,82],{"class":57,"line":78},3,[16,80,81],{"class":61},"debian/control",[16,83,84],{"class":65},"   # Package-specific information such as dependencies and description\n",[16,86,88,91],{"class":57,"line":87},4,[16,89,90],{"class":61},"debian/rules",[16,92,93],{"class":65},"     # Instructions for debhelper\n",[12,95,96,97,100],{},"Debian themselves already offer [detailed documentations]",[16,98,99],{},"debian-doc","\nto simplify the introduction to packaging.",[38,102,104],{"id":103},"prepare-the-docker-container","Prepare the Docker Container",[12,106,107,108,111],{},"On a host system, a container must be prepared in which a package can\nthen be built. Start by creating a ",[53,109,110],{},"Dockerfile",":",[46,113,117],{"className":114,"code":115,"language":116,"meta":51,"style":51},"language-dockerfile shiki shiki-themes github-light","FROM debian:wheezy\nADD  setup.sh /opt/\nRUN  /bin/bash /opt/setup.sh\n","dockerfile",[53,118,119,124,129],{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,120,121],{"class":57,"line":58},[16,122,123],{},"FROM debian:wheezy\n",[16,125,126],{"class":57,"line":69},[16,127,128],{},"ADD  setup.sh /opt/\n",[16,130,131],{"class":57,"line":78},[16,132,133],{},"RUN  /bin/bash /opt/setup.sh\n",[12,135,136,137,139,140,143,144,147,148,151,152,154],{},"In the ",[53,138,110],{}," ([official documentation]",[16,141,142],{},"dockerfile-doc",") is indicated\nwhich base image is to be used. In this case, it's Debian Wheezy. After\nthat, the ",[53,145,146],{},"setup.sh"," script is copied into the ",[53,149,150],{},"/opt/"," directory of the container.\nIn ",[53,153,146],{},", the mirror which is going to be used is configured, and\nthe most basic dependencies are installed, which can be used in any build:",[46,156,158],{"className":48,"code":157,"language":50,"meta":51,"style":51},"#!/bin/sh\n\n# change to our own mirror\necho \"deb http://pkg.adfinis-sygroup.ch/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib\" > /etc/apt/sources.list\necho \"deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main\" >> /etc/apt/sources.list\necho \"deb http://pkg.adfinis-sygroup.ch/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib non-free\" >> /etc/apt/sources.list\n\n# requirements\napt-get update\napt-get -y install git dh-make build-essential autoconf autotools-dev\n",[53,159,160,165,171,176,193,206,218,223,229,238],{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,161,162],{"class":57,"line":58},[16,163,164],{"class":65},"#!/bin/sh\n",[16,166,167],{"class":57,"line":69},[16,168,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},true,"\n",[16,172,173],{"class":57,"line":78},[16,174,175],{"class":65},"# change to our own mirror\n",[16,177,178,182,186,190],{"class":57,"line":87},[16,179,181],{"class":180},"sYu0t","echo",[16,183,185],{"class":184},"sYBdl"," \"deb http://pkg.adfinis-sygroup.ch/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib\"",[16,187,189],{"class":188},"sD7c4"," >",[16,191,192],{"class":184}," /etc/apt/sources.list\n",[16,194,196,198,201,204],{"class":57,"line":195},5,[16,197,181],{"class":180},[16,199,200],{"class":184}," \"deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main\"",[16,202,203],{"class":188}," >>",[16,205,192],{"class":184},[16,207,209,211,214,216],{"class":57,"line":208},6,[16,210,181],{"class":180},[16,212,213],{"class":184}," \"deb http://pkg.adfinis-sygroup.ch/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib non-free\"",[16,215,203],{"class":188},[16,217,192],{"class":184},[16,219,221],{"class":57,"line":220},7,[16,222,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},[16,224,226],{"class":57,"line":225},8,[16,227,228],{"class":65},"# requirements\n",[16,230,232,235],{"class":57,"line":231},9,[16,233,234],{"class":61},"apt-get",[16,236,237],{"class":184}," update\n",[16,239,241,243,246,249,252,255,258,261],{"class":57,"line":240},10,[16,242,234],{"class":61},[16,244,245],{"class":180}," -y",[16,247,248],{"class":184}," install",[16,250,251],{"class":184}," git",[16,253,254],{"class":184}," dh-make",[16,256,257],{"class":184}," build-essential",[16,259,260],{"class":184}," autoconf",[16,262,263],{"class":184}," autotools-dev\n",[12,265,266],{},"As soon as these files have been prepared, we can build the Docker container:",[46,268,270],{"className":48,"code":269,"language":50,"meta":51,"style":51},"docker build -t generic-package-build-runner:v1\n",[53,271,272],{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,273,274,277,280,283],{"class":57,"line":58},[16,275,276],{"class":61},"docker",[16,278,279],{"class":184}," build",[16,281,282],{"class":180}," -t",[16,284,285],{"class":184}," generic-package-build-runner:v1\n",[12,287,288],{},"The container is now created and ready for use.",[38,290,292],{"id":291},"configure-gitlab-ci","Configure GitLab CI",[12,294,295,296,299],{},"Now, the prepared Docker container has to be [registered for the\ncurrent project]",[16,297,298],{},"ci-docker-registry",", in which a package is to be built:",[46,301,303],{"className":48,"code":302,"language":50,"meta":51,"style":51},"gitlab-ci-multi-runner register \\\n--non-interactive \\\n--url \"$(GITLAB_URL)\" \\\n--registration-token \"$(CI_TOKEN)\" \\\n--description \"Generic debian wheezy package build runner\" \\\n--executor \"docker\" \\\n--docker-image \"generic-package-build-runner:v1\"\n",[53,304,305,316,325,341,355,365,375],{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,306,307,310,313],{"class":57,"line":58},[16,308,309],{"class":61},"gitlab-ci-multi-runner",[16,311,312],{"class":184}," register",[16,314,315],{"class":180}," \\\n",[16,317,318,322],{"class":57,"line":69},[16,319,321],{"class":320},"sgsFI","--non-interactive ",[16,323,324],{"class":180},"\\\n",[16,326,327,330,333,336,339],{"class":57,"line":78},[16,328,329],{"class":320},"--url ",[16,331,332],{"class":184},"\"$(",[16,334,335],{"class":61},"GITLAB_URL",[16,337,338],{"class":184},")\"",[16,340,315],{"class":180},[16,342,343,346,348,351,353],{"class":57,"line":87},[16,344,345],{"class":320},"--registration-token ",[16,347,332],{"class":184},[16,349,350],{"class":61},"CI_TOKEN",[16,352,338],{"class":184},[16,354,315],{"class":180},[16,356,357,360,363],{"class":57,"line":195},[16,358,359],{"class":320},"--description ",[16,361,362],{"class":184},"\"Generic debian wheezy package build runner\"",[16,364,315],{"class":180},[16,366,367,370,373],{"class":57,"line":208},[16,368,369],{"class":320},"--executor ",[16,371,372],{"class":184},"\"docker\"",[16,374,315],{"class":180},[16,376,377,380],{"class":57,"line":220},[16,378,379],{"class":320},"--docker-image ",[16,381,382],{"class":184},"\"generic-package-build-runner:v1\"\n",[12,384,385,386,390,391,394],{},"The GitLab URL and the CI token can be found in the GitLab\nproject on the page ",[387,388,389],"strong",{},"Settings"," > ",[387,392,393],{},"Runners",". Each project has its own CI token.",[12,396,397,398,401,402,405],{},"In order for GitLab CI to know which commands in the container\nshould be executed, [the file ",[53,399,400],{},".gitlab-ci.yml","]",[16,403,404],{},"ci-doc"," is created within the repository.",[46,407,411],{"className":408,"code":409,"language":410,"meta":51,"style":51},"language-yaml shiki shiki-themes github-light","# Is performed before the scripts in the stages step\nbefore_script:\n  - source /etc/profile\n\n# Defines stages which are to be executed\nstages:\n  - build\n\n# Stage \"build\"\nrun-build:\n  stage: build\n  script:\n    - apt-get install -y libncurses5-dev libglib2.0-dev libgeoip-dev libtokyocabinet-dev zlib1g-dev libncursesw5-dev libbz2-dev\n    - autoreconf -fvi\n    - cp COPYING debian/copyright\n    - dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc\n    - mkdir build\n    - mv ../goaccess*.deb build/\n\n  # This stage is only executed for new tags\n  only:\n    - tags\n\n  # The files which are to be made available in GitLab\n  artifacts:\n    paths:\n      - build/*\n\n","yaml",[53,412,413,418,427,435,439,444,451,458,462,467,474,485,493,502,510,518,526,534,542,547,553,561,569,574,580,588,596],{"__ignoreMap":51},[16,414,415],{"class":57,"line":58},[16,416,417],{"class":65},"# Is performed before the scripts in the stages step\n",[16,419,420,424],{"class":57,"line":69},[16,421,423],{"class":422},"shJU0","before_script",[16,425,426],{"class":320},":\n",[16,428,429,432],{"class":57,"line":78},[16,430,431],{"class":320},"  - ",[16,433,434],{"class":184},"source /etc/profile\n",[16,436,437],{"class":57,"line":87},[16,438,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},[16,440,441],{"class":57,"line":195},[16,442,443],{"class":65},"# Defines stages which are to be executed\n",[16,445,446,449],{"class":57,"line":208},[16,447,448],{"class":422},"stages",[16,450,426],{"class":320},[16,452,453,455],{"class":57,"line":220},[16,454,431],{"class":320},[16,456,457],{"class":184},"build\n",[16,459,460],{"class":57,"line":225},[16,461,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},[16,463,464],{"class":57,"line":231},[16,465,466],{"class":65},"# Stage \"build\"\n",[16,468,469,472],{"class":57,"line":240},[16,470,471],{"class":422},"run-build",[16,473,426],{"class":320},[16,475,477,480,483],{"class":57,"line":476},11,[16,478,479],{"class":422},"  stage",[16,481,482],{"class":320},": ",[16,484,457],{"class":184},[16,486,488,491],{"class":57,"line":487},12,[16,489,490],{"class":422},"  script",[16,492,426],{"class":320},[16,494,496,499],{"class":57,"line":495},13,[16,497,498],{"class":320},"    - ",[16,500,501],{"class":184},"apt-get install -y libncurses5-dev libglib2.0-dev libgeoip-dev libtokyocabinet-dev zlib1g-dev libncursesw5-dev libbz2-dev\n",[16,503,505,507],{"class":57,"line":504},14,[16,506,498],{"class":320},[16,508,509],{"class":184},"autoreconf -fvi\n",[16,511,513,515],{"class":57,"line":512},15,[16,514,498],{"class":320},[16,516,517],{"class":184},"cp COPYING debian/copyright\n",[16,519,521,523],{"class":57,"line":520},16,[16,522,498],{"class":320},[16,524,525],{"class":184},"dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc\n",[16,527,529,531],{"class":57,"line":528},17,[16,530,498],{"class":320},[16,532,533],{"class":184},"mkdir build\n",[16,535,537,539],{"class":57,"line":536},18,[16,538,498],{"class":320},[16,540,541],{"class":184},"mv ../goaccess*.deb build/\n",[16,543,545],{"class":57,"line":544},19,[16,546,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},[16,548,550],{"class":57,"line":549},20,[16,551,552],{"class":65},"  # This stage is only executed for new tags\n",[16,554,556,559],{"class":57,"line":555},21,[16,557,558],{"class":422},"  only",[16,560,426],{"class":320},[16,562,564,566],{"class":57,"line":563},22,[16,565,498],{"class":320},[16,567,568],{"class":184},"tags\n",[16,570,572],{"class":57,"line":571},23,[16,573,170],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":169},[16,575,577],{"class":57,"line":576},24,[16,578,579],{"class":65},"  # The files which are to be made available in GitLab\n",[16,581,583,586],{"class":57,"line":582},25,[16,584,585],{"class":422},"  artifacts",[16,587,426],{"class":320},[16,589,591,594],{"class":57,"line":590},26,[16,592,593],{"class":422},"    paths",[16,595,426],{"class":320},[16,597,599,602],{"class":57,"line":598},27,[16,600,601],{"class":320},"      - ",[16,603,604],{"class":184},"build/*\n",[12,606,607,608,610],{},"The most important part of this file is the ",[53,609,471],{}," stage.\nThis part defines which actions are executed, when they are\nexecuted and the locations of the files created in the build.",[12,612,613],{},"Since a generic Docker container was created, the necessary\ndependencies have to be installed in the first step.",[12,615,616,617,620,621,19],{},"After that, the building procedure is prepared with ",[53,618,619],{},"autoreconf",".\nAmong other things, this results in the creation of the Makefile,\nwhich is indispensable for the build. Since we're using the copyright\nfrom the package, we'll copy it to ",[53,622,623],{},"debian/",[12,625,626,627,630,631,634],{},"The building process is then started with the command ",[53,628,629],{},"dpkg-buildpackage",".\nThe package is compiled and the Debian package is created. These packages\nare then moved to the ",[53,632,633],{},"build"," directory that was created and uploaded to GitLab.",[38,636,638],{"id":637},"workflow","Workflow",[12,640,641],{},"As soon as we have a new release, a Git tag is created. This Git tag\nstarts a new build in GitLab, which builds the package using the latest version.\nThe package that is created will then be made available in the web\ninterface of GitLab, where it can be downloaded.",[12,643,644],{},[645,646],"img",{"alt":647,"src":648},"Build Debian Package with GitLab CI","https://res.cloudinary.com/about-gitlab-com/image/upload/v1782397976/blog/Content%20Images/automated-debian-package-build-with-gitlab-ci/gitlab-ci-build.png",[38,650,652],{"id":651},"outlook","Outlook",[12,654,655,656,659,660,663],{},"Ideally, the packages or artifacts built should be processed automatically,\nfor example by uploading them to a mirror. In our case, we're using a\nbot which, when instructed by a [GitLab Webhook]",[16,657,658],{},"webhooks-doc",", downloads the artifacts\nonto a target server, adds them to a Aptly repository and publishes the\nrepository, such that the process can be [fully automated from package\nbuild to publication]",[16,661,662],{},"gitlab-cd",". 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