[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2134},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/blog/contributions-to-latest-git-release":3,"navigation-en-us":1349,"banner-en-us":1776,"footer-en-us":1786,"blog-post-authors-en-us-John Cai":2030,"blog-related-posts-en-us-contributions-to-latest-git-release":2045,"blog-promotions-en-us":2070,"next-steps-en-us":2124},{"id":4,"title":5,"authors":6,"body":8,"category":1327,"date":1328,"description":1329,"extension":1330,"externalUrl":1331,"faq":1331,"featured":1332,"heroImage":1333,"meta":1334,"navigation":52,"path":1335,"seo":1336,"slug":1340,"stem":1341,"tags":1342,"template":1347,"updatedDate":1331,"__hash__":1348},"blogPosts/en-us/blog/contributions-to-latest-git-release.md","Git 2.41 release - Here are five of our contributions in detail",[7],"John Cai",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":1309},"minimark",[11,20,23,28,36,485,488,496,499,509,512,518,521,652,677,683,688,710,830,842,859,865,1062,1065,1074,1078,1094,1105,1131,1135,1141,1149,1158,1178,1181,1188,1192,1201,1205,1208,1214,1221,1242,1247,1253,1257,1263,1269,1273,1280,1283,1286,1289,1292,1296,1299,1305],[12,13,14],"p",{},[15,16,19],"a",{"href":17,"rel":18},"https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/git/-/raw/master/Documentation/RelNotes/2.41.0.txt",[],"Git 2.41",[12,21,22],{},"was officially released on June 1, 2023, and included some improvements from\nGitLab's Git team. Git is the foundation of repository data at GitLab. GitLab's Git team works on everything from new features, performance improvements, documentation improvements, and growing the Git community. Often our contributions to Git have a lot to do with the way we integrate Git into our services at GitLab. Here are some highlights from this latest Git release, and a window into how we use Git on the server side at GitLab.",[24,25,27],"h2",{"id":26},"_1-machine-parseable-fetch-output","1. Machine-parseable fetch output",[12,29,30,31,35],{},"When ",[32,33,34],"code",{},"git-fetch"," is run, the output is a familiar for users of Git and looks something like this:",[37,38,43],"pre",{"className":39,"code":40,"language":41,"meta":42,"style":42},"language-bash shiki shiki-themes github-light","\n> git fetch\n\nremote: Enumerating objects: 296, done.\n\nremote: Counting objects: 100% (189/189), done.\n\nremote: Compressing objects: 100% (103/103), done.\n\nremote: Total 296 (delta 132), reused 84 (delta 84), pack-reused 107\n\nReceiving objects: 100% (296/296), 184.46 KiB | 11.53 MiB/s, done.\n\nResolving deltas: 100% (173/173), completed with 42 local objects.\n\nFrom https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly\n    cfd146b4d..a69cf20ce  master                                                                             -> origin/master\n    3a877b8f3..854f25045  15-11-stable                                                                       -> origin/15-11-stable\n  * [new branch]          5316-check-metrics-and-decide-if-need-to-context-cancel-the-running-git-process-in -> origin/5316-check-metrics-and-decide-if-need-to-context-cancel-the-running-git-process-in\n  + bdd3c05a2...0bcf6f9d4 blanet_default_branch_opt                                                          -> origin/blanet_default_branch_opt  (forced update)\n  * [new branch]          jt-object-pool-disconnect-refactor                                                 -> origin/jt-object-pool-disconnect-refactor\n  + f2447981c...34e06e106 jt-replicate-repository-alternates                                                 -> origin/jt-replicate-repository-alternates  (forced update)\n  * [new branch]          kn-logrus-update                                                                   -> origin/kn-logrus-update\n  + 05cea76f3...258543674 kn-smarthttp-docs                                                                  -> origin/kn-smarthttp-docs  (forced update)\n  * [new branch]          pks-git-pseudorevision-validation                                                  -> origin/pks-git-pseudorevision-validation\n  + 2e8d0ccd5...bf4ed8a52 pks-storage-repository                                                             -> origin/pks-storage-repository  (forced update)\n  * [new branch]          qmnguyen0711/expose-another-port-for-pack-rpcs                                     -> origin/qmnguyen0711/expose-another-port-for-pack-rpcs\n  + 82473046f...8e23e474c use_head_reference\n","bash","",[32,44,45,54,65,70,90,95,111,116,131,136,166,171,195,200,220,225,234,251,268,291,320,340,364,384,409,429,454,474],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,47,50],"span",{"class":48,"line":49},"line",1,[46,51,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},true,"\n",[46,55,57,61],{"class":48,"line":56},2,[46,58,60],{"class":59},"sD7c4",">",[46,62,64],{"class":63},"sgsFI"," git fetch\n",[46,66,68],{"class":48,"line":67},3,[46,69,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,71,73,77,81,84,87],{"class":48,"line":72},4,[46,74,76],{"class":75},"s7eDp","remote:",[46,78,80],{"class":79},"sYBdl"," Enumerating",[46,82,83],{"class":79}," objects:",[46,85,86],{"class":79}," 296,",[46,88,89],{"class":79}," done.\n",[46,91,93],{"class":48,"line":92},5,[46,94,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,96,98,100,103,105,108],{"class":48,"line":97},6,[46,99,76],{"class":75},[46,101,102],{"class":79}," Counting",[46,104,83],{"class":79},[46,106,107],{"class":79}," 100%",[46,109,110],{"class":63}," (189/189), done.\n",[46,112,114],{"class":48,"line":113},7,[46,115,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,117,119,121,124,126,128],{"class":48,"line":118},8,[46,120,76],{"class":75},[46,122,123],{"class":79}," Compressing",[46,125,83],{"class":79},[46,127,107],{"class":79},[46,129,130],{"class":63}," (103/103), done.\n",[46,132,134],{"class":48,"line":133},9,[46,135,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,137,139,141,144,148,151,154,157,160,163],{"class":48,"line":138},10,[46,140,76],{"class":75},[46,142,143],{"class":79}," Total",[46,145,147],{"class":146},"sYu0t"," 296",[46,149,150],{"class":63}," (delta ",[46,152,153],{"class":146},"132",[46,155,156],{"class":63},"), reused 84 (",[46,158,159],{"class":75},"delta",[46,161,162],{"class":146}," 84",[46,164,165],{"class":63},"), pack-reused 107\n",[46,167,169],{"class":48,"line":168},11,[46,170,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,172,174,177,179,181,184,187,190,193],{"class":48,"line":173},12,[46,175,176],{"class":75},"Receiving",[46,178,83],{"class":79},[46,180,107],{"class":79},[46,182,183],{"class":63}," (296/296), 184.46 KiB ",[46,185,186],{"class":59},"|",[46,188,189],{"class":75}," 11.53",[46,191,192],{"class":79}," MiB/s,",[46,194,89],{"class":79},[46,196,198],{"class":48,"line":197},13,[46,199,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,201,203,206,209,211,214,217],{"class":48,"line":202},14,[46,204,205],{"class":75},"Resolving",[46,207,208],{"class":79}," deltas:",[46,210,107],{"class":79},[46,212,213],{"class":63}," (173/173), completed with 42 ",[46,215,216],{"class":59},"local",[46,218,219],{"class":63}," objects.\n",[46,221,223],{"class":48,"line":222},15,[46,224,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,226,228,231],{"class":48,"line":227},16,[46,229,230],{"class":75},"From",[46,232,233],{"class":79}," https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly\n",[46,235,237,240,243,246,248],{"class":48,"line":236},17,[46,238,239],{"class":75},"    cfd146b4d..a69cf20ce",[46,241,242],{"class":79},"  master",[46,244,245],{"class":63},"                                                                             -",[46,247,60],{"class":59},[46,249,250],{"class":79}," origin/master\n",[46,252,254,257,260,263,265],{"class":48,"line":253},18,[46,255,256],{"class":75},"    3a877b8f3..854f25045",[46,258,259],{"class":79},"  15-11-stable",[46,261,262],{"class":63},"                                                                       -",[46,264,60],{"class":59},[46,266,267],{"class":79}," origin/15-11-stable\n",[46,269,271,274,277,280,283,286,288],{"class":48,"line":270},19,[46,272,273],{"class":75},"  *",[46,275,276],{"class":63}," [new ",[46,278,279],{"class":79},"branch]",[46,281,282],{"class":79},"          5316-check-metrics-and-decide-if-need-to-context-cancel-the-running-git-process-in",[46,284,285],{"class":63}," -",[46,287,60],{"class":59},[46,289,290],{"class":79}," origin/5316-check-metrics-and-decide-if-need-to-context-cancel-the-running-git-process-in\n",[46,292,294,297,300,303,306,308,311,314,317],{"class":48,"line":293},20,[46,295,296],{"class":75},"  +",[46,298,299],{"class":79}," bdd3c05a2...0bcf6f9d4",[46,301,302],{"class":79}," blanet_default_branch_opt",[46,304,305],{"class":63},"                                                          -",[46,307,60],{"class":59},[46,309,310],{"class":79}," origin/blanet_default_branch_opt",[46,312,313],{"class":63},"  (forced ",[46,315,316],{"class":79},"update",[46,318,319],{"class":63},")\n",[46,321,323,325,327,329,332,335,337],{"class":48,"line":322},21,[46,324,273],{"class":75},[46,326,276],{"class":63},[46,328,279],{"class":79},[46,330,331],{"class":79},"          jt-object-pool-disconnect-refactor",[46,333,334],{"class":63},"                                                 -",[46,336,60],{"class":59},[46,338,339],{"class":79}," origin/jt-object-pool-disconnect-refactor\n",[46,341,343,345,348,351,353,355,358,360,362],{"class":48,"line":342},22,[46,344,296],{"class":75},[46,346,347],{"class":79}," f2447981c...34e06e106",[46,349,350],{"class":79}," jt-replicate-repository-alternates",[46,352,334],{"class":63},[46,354,60],{"class":59},[46,356,357],{"class":79}," origin/jt-replicate-repository-alternates",[46,359,313],{"class":63},[46,361,316],{"class":79},[46,363,319],{"class":63},[46,365,367,369,371,373,376,379,381],{"class":48,"line":366},23,[46,368,273],{"class":75},[46,370,276],{"class":63},[46,372,279],{"class":79},[46,374,375],{"class":79},"          kn-logrus-update",[46,377,378],{"class":63},"                                                                   -",[46,380,60],{"class":59},[46,382,383],{"class":79}," origin/kn-logrus-update\n",[46,385,387,389,392,395,398,400,403,405,407],{"class":48,"line":386},24,[46,388,296],{"class":75},[46,390,391],{"class":79}," 05cea76f3...258543674",[46,393,394],{"class":79}," kn-smarthttp-docs",[46,396,397],{"class":63},"                                                                  -",[46,399,60],{"class":59},[46,401,402],{"class":79}," origin/kn-smarthttp-docs",[46,404,313],{"class":63},[46,406,316],{"class":79},[46,408,319],{"class":63},[46,410,412,414,416,418,421,424,426],{"class":48,"line":411},25,[46,413,273],{"class":75},[46,415,276],{"class":63},[46,417,279],{"class":79},[46,419,420],{"class":79},"          pks-git-pseudorevision-validation",[46,422,423],{"class":63},"                                                  -",[46,425,60],{"class":59},[46,427,428],{"class":79}," origin/pks-git-pseudorevision-validation\n",[46,430,432,434,437,440,443,445,448,450,452],{"class":48,"line":431},26,[46,433,296],{"class":75},[46,435,436],{"class":79}," 2e8d0ccd5...bf4ed8a52",[46,438,439],{"class":79}," pks-storage-repository",[46,441,442],{"class":63},"                                                             -",[46,444,60],{"class":59},[46,446,447],{"class":79}," origin/pks-storage-repository",[46,449,313],{"class":63},[46,451,316],{"class":79},[46,453,319],{"class":63},[46,455,457,459,461,463,466,469,471],{"class":48,"line":456},27,[46,458,273],{"class":75},[46,460,276],{"class":63},[46,462,279],{"class":79},[46,464,465],{"class":79},"          qmnguyen0711/expose-another-port-for-pack-rpcs",[46,467,468],{"class":63},"                                     -",[46,470,60],{"class":59},[46,472,473],{"class":79}," origin/qmnguyen0711/expose-another-port-for-pack-rpcs\n",[46,475,477,479,482],{"class":48,"line":476},28,[46,478,296],{"class":75},[46,480,481],{"class":79}," 82473046f...8e23e474c",[46,483,484],{"class":79}," use_head_reference\n",[12,486,487],{},"The problem with this output is that it's not meant for machines to parse.",[12,489,490,491],{},"But why would it be useful to make this output parseable by machines? To understand this, we need to back up a little bit and talk about Gitaly Cluster. ",[15,492,495],{"href":493,"rel":494},"https://docs.gitlab.com/administration/gitaly/#gitaly-cluster",[],"Gitaly\nCluster",[12,497,498],{},"is a service at GitLab that provides high availability of Git repositories by replicating repository writes to replica nodes. Each time a write comes in which changes a Git repository (for example, a push that updates a reference) the write goes to the primary node, and to all replica nodes before the write can succeed. A voting mechanism takes place where the nodes vote on what its updated value for the reference would be. This vote succeeds when a quorum of replica nodes have successfully written the ref, and the write succeeds.",[12,500,501,502,505,506,508],{},"One of our remote procedure calls (RPCs) in Gitaly runs ",[32,503,504],{},"git-fetch(1)"," for repository mirroring. By default, when ",[32,507,504],{}," is run, it will update any references that are able to be fast-forwarded and fail on any reference that has since diverged will not be updated.",[12,510,511],{},"As mentioned above, whenever there is an operation that modifies a repository, there is a voting mechanism that ensures the same modification is made to all replica nodes.",[12,513,514,515,517],{},"To dive in even a little deeper, our voting mechanism leverages Git's reference transaction hook, which runs an executable once per reference transaction. ",[32,516,504],{}," by default will start a reference transaction per reference it updates. A fetch that updates hundreds or even thousand of references would thus vote once per reference that gets updated.",[12,519,520],{},"In the following sequence diagram, we are only showing one Gitaly node, but for a Gitaly Cluster with, let's say, three nodes, what happens with the Gitaly primary also happens in the replicas.",[37,522,526],{"className":523,"code":524,"language":525,"meta":42,"style":42},"language-mermaid shiki shiki-themes github-light","\nsequenceDiagram\n    participant user\n    participant GitlabUI as Gitlab UI\n    participant p as Praefect\n    participant g0 as Gitaly (primary)\n    participant git as Git\n    user->>GitlabUI: mirror my repository\n    GitlabUI->>p: FetchRemote\n    activate p\n    p->>g0: FetchRemote\n    activate g0\n    g0->>git: fetch-remote\n    activate git\n    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch1 update\n    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch1 update\n    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch2 update\n    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch2 update\n    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch3 update\n    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch3 update\n    deactivate git\n    note over p: vote succeeds\n    p->>GitlabUI: success\n    deactivate g0\n    deactivate p\n\n","mermaid",[32,527,528,532,537,542,547,552,557,562,567,572,577,582,587,592,597,602,607,612,617,622,627,632,637,642,647],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,529,530],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,531,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,533,534],{"class":48,"line":56},[46,535,536],{"class":63},"sequenceDiagram\n",[46,538,539],{"class":48,"line":67},[46,540,541],{"class":63},"    participant user\n",[46,543,544],{"class":48,"line":72},[46,545,546],{"class":63},"    participant GitlabUI as Gitlab UI\n",[46,548,549],{"class":48,"line":92},[46,550,551],{"class":63},"    participant p as Praefect\n",[46,553,554],{"class":48,"line":97},[46,555,556],{"class":63},"    participant g0 as Gitaly (primary)\n",[46,558,559],{"class":48,"line":113},[46,560,561],{"class":63},"    participant git as Git\n",[46,563,564],{"class":48,"line":118},[46,565,566],{"class":63},"    user->>GitlabUI: mirror my repository\n",[46,568,569],{"class":48,"line":133},[46,570,571],{"class":63},"    GitlabUI->>p: FetchRemote\n",[46,573,574],{"class":48,"line":138},[46,575,576],{"class":63},"    activate p\n",[46,578,579],{"class":48,"line":168},[46,580,581],{"class":63},"    p->>g0: FetchRemote\n",[46,583,584],{"class":48,"line":173},[46,585,586],{"class":63},"    activate g0\n",[46,588,589],{"class":48,"line":197},[46,590,591],{"class":63},"    g0->>git: fetch-remote\n",[46,593,594],{"class":48,"line":202},[46,595,596],{"class":63},"    activate git\n",[46,598,599],{"class":48,"line":222},[46,600,601],{"class":63},"    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch1 update\n",[46,603,604],{"class":48,"line":227},[46,605,606],{"class":63},"    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch1 update\n",[46,608,609],{"class":48,"line":236},[46,610,611],{"class":63},"    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch2 update\n",[46,613,614],{"class":48,"line":253},[46,615,616],{"class":63},"    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch2 update\n",[46,618,619],{"class":48,"line":270},[46,620,621],{"class":63},"    git->>g0: vote on refs/heads/branch3 update\n",[46,623,624],{"class":48,"line":293},[46,625,626],{"class":63},"    g0->>p: vote on refs/heads/branch3 update\n",[46,628,629],{"class":48,"line":322},[46,630,631],{"class":63},"    deactivate git\n",[46,633,634],{"class":48,"line":342},[46,635,636],{"class":63},"    note over p: vote succeeds\n",[46,638,639],{"class":48,"line":366},[46,640,641],{"class":63},"    p->>GitlabUI: success\n",[46,643,644],{"class":48,"line":386},[46,645,646],{"class":63},"    deactivate g0\n",[46,648,649],{"class":48,"line":411},[46,650,651],{"class":63},"    deactivate p\n",[12,653,654,655,657,658,661,662,664,665,667,668,670,671,673,674,676],{},"This is inefficient. Ideally we would want to vote once per batch of references updated from one ",[32,656,504],{}," call. There is an option ",[32,659,660],{},"--atomic"," in ",[32,663,504],{}," that will open one reference transaction for all references updated by ",[32,666,504],{},". However, when ",[32,669,660],{}," is used, a ",[32,672,34],{}," call will fail if any references have since diverged. This is not how we want repository mirroring to work. We actually want ",[32,675,34],{}," to update whichever refs it can.",[12,678,679,680,682],{},"So, that means we cannot use the ",[32,681,660],{}," flag and are thus stuck voting per reference we update.",[684,685,687],"h3",{"id":686},"solution-handle-the-reference-update-ourselves","Solution: Handle the reference update ourselves",[12,689,690,691,693,694,697,698,700,701,705,706,709],{},"The way we are solving this inefficiency is to handle the reference update ourselves. Instead of relying on ",[32,692,504],{}," to both fetch the objects and update all the references, we can use the ",[32,695,696],{},"--dry-run"," option of ",[32,699,504],{}," to first fetch the objects into a quarantine directory. Then if we can know which references ",[702,703,704],"em",{},"would"," be updated, we can start a reference transaction ourselves with ",[32,707,708],{},"git-update-ref(1)"," and update all the refs in one transaction, hence triggering a single vote only.",[37,711,713],{"className":523,"code":712,"language":525,"meta":42,"style":42},"\n\nsequenceDiagram\n    participant user\n    participant Gitlab UI\n    participant p as Praefect\n    participant g0 as Gitaly (primary)\n    participant git as Git\n    user->>Gitlab UI: mirror my repository\n    Gitlab UI->>p: FetchRemote\n    activate p\n    p->>g0: FetchRemote\n    g0->>git: fetch-remote --dry-run --porcelain\n    activate git\n    note over git: objects are fetched into a quarantine directory\n    git->>g0: branch1, branch2, branch3 will be updated\n    deactivate git\n    g0->>git: update-ref\n    activate git\n    note over git: update branch1, branch2, branch3 in a single transaction\n    git->>g0: reference transaction hook\n    deactivate git\n    g0->>p: vote on ref updates\n    note over p: vote succeeds\n    p->>Gitlab UI: success\n    deactivate p\n\n",[32,714,715,719,723,727,731,736,740,744,748,753,758,762,766,771,775,780,785,789,794,798,803,808,812,817,821,826],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,716,717],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,718,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,720,721],{"class":48,"line":56},[46,722,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,724,725],{"class":48,"line":67},[46,726,536],{"class":63},[46,728,729],{"class":48,"line":72},[46,730,541],{"class":63},[46,732,733],{"class":48,"line":92},[46,734,735],{"class":63},"    participant Gitlab UI\n",[46,737,738],{"class":48,"line":97},[46,739,551],{"class":63},[46,741,742],{"class":48,"line":113},[46,743,556],{"class":63},[46,745,746],{"class":48,"line":118},[46,747,561],{"class":63},[46,749,750],{"class":48,"line":133},[46,751,752],{"class":63},"    user->>Gitlab UI: mirror my repository\n",[46,754,755],{"class":48,"line":138},[46,756,757],{"class":63},"    Gitlab UI->>p: FetchRemote\n",[46,759,760],{"class":48,"line":168},[46,761,576],{"class":63},[46,763,764],{"class":48,"line":173},[46,765,581],{"class":63},[46,767,768],{"class":48,"line":197},[46,769,770],{"class":63},"    g0->>git: fetch-remote --dry-run --porcelain\n",[46,772,773],{"class":48,"line":202},[46,774,596],{"class":63},[46,776,777],{"class":48,"line":222},[46,778,779],{"class":63},"    note over git: objects are fetched into a quarantine directory\n",[46,781,782],{"class":48,"line":227},[46,783,784],{"class":63},"    git->>g0: branch1, branch2, branch3 will be updated\n",[46,786,787],{"class":48,"line":236},[46,788,631],{"class":63},[46,790,791],{"class":48,"line":253},[46,792,793],{"class":63},"    g0->>git: update-ref\n",[46,795,796],{"class":48,"line":270},[46,797,596],{"class":63},[46,799,800],{"class":48,"line":293},[46,801,802],{"class":63},"    note over git: update branch1, branch2, branch3 in a single transaction\n",[46,804,805],{"class":48,"line":322},[46,806,807],{"class":63},"    git->>g0: reference transaction hook\n",[46,809,810],{"class":48,"line":342},[46,811,631],{"class":63},[46,813,814],{"class":48,"line":366},[46,815,816],{"class":63},"    g0->>p: vote on ref updates\n",[46,818,819],{"class":48,"line":386},[46,820,636],{"class":63},[46,822,823],{"class":48,"line":411},[46,824,825],{"class":63},"    p->>Gitlab UI: success\n",[46,827,828],{"class":48,"line":431},[46,829,651],{"class":63},[12,831,832,833,835,836,838,839,841],{},"A requirement for this however, is that we would be able to parse the output of ",[32,834,504],{}," to tell which refs will be updated and to what values.\nCurrently in ",[32,837,696],{},", ",[32,840,504],{},"'s output cannot be parsed by a machine.",[12,843,844,849,850,853,854],{},[15,845,848],{"href":846,"rel":847},"https://gitlab.com/pks-gitlab",[],"Patrick Steinhardt",", Staff Backend Engineer,\nGitaly, added a  ",[32,851,852],{},"--porcelain"," ",[15,855,858],{"href":856,"rel":857},"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-fetch#Documentation/git-fetch.txt---porcelain",[],"option to git-fetch",[12,860,861,862,864],{},"that causes ",[32,863,504],{}," to gives its output in a machine-parseable format.",[37,866,870],{"className":867,"code":868,"language":869,"meta":42,"style":42},"language-shell shiki shiki-themes github-light","\n> git fetch --porcelain --dry-run --quiet\n\n* cd7ec0e2505463855d04f0a685d53af604079bdf\n023a4cca58ac713090df15015a2efeadc73be522 refs/remotes/origin/master\n\n* 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\nb4a007671bd331f1c6f5857aa9a6ab95d500b412\nrefs/remotes/origin/alejguer-improve-readabiliy-geo\n  2314938437eb962dadd6a88f45d463f8ed2c7cec 3d3e36fa40e9b87b90ef31f80c63c767d0ef3638 refs/remotes/origin/ali/document-keyless-container-signing\n+ c8107330f8d5a938f6349743310db030ca5159e6\ne155670196e4974659304c79e670b238192bce08\nrefs/remotes/origin/fc-add-failed-jobs-in-mr-part-2\n\n+ 9ec873de405b3c5078ad1c073711a222e7734337\neb7947e37d05460a94c988bf1f408f96228dd50d\nrefs/remotes/origin/fc-mvc-details-page\n\n* 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n36d214774f39d3c3d0569df8befd2b46d22ea94b\nrefs/remotes/origin/group-runner-docs\n\n+ b357bfdec53b96e76582ac5dd64deb2d35dbe697\n7b85d775b1a46ea94e0b241aa0b6aa37ae2e0b69\nrefs/remotes/origin/jwanjohi-add-abuse-training-data-table\n\n+ c9beb0b9c0b933903c12393acaa2c4447bb9035f\nfd13eda262c67a48495a0695659fea10b32e7e02\nrefs/remotes/origin/jy-permissions-blueprint\n\n+ 9ecf5a7fb7ca39a6a4296e569af0ddff1058a830\n3341369e650c931c46d9880f3b781dc1e21c9f75\nrefs/remotes/origin/kassio/spike-pages-review-apps\n\n","shell",[32,871,872,876,883,887,895,903,907,914,919,924,935,943,948,953,957,964,969,974,978,984,989,994,998,1005,1010,1015,1019,1026,1031,1037,1042,1050,1056],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,873,874],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,875,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,877,878,880],{"class":48,"line":56},[46,879,60],{"class":59},[46,881,882],{"class":63}," git fetch --porcelain --dry-run --quiet\n",[46,884,885],{"class":48,"line":67},[46,886,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,888,889,892],{"class":48,"line":72},[46,890,891],{"class":59},"*",[46,893,894],{"class":63}," cd7ec0e2505463855d04f0a685d53af604079bdf\n",[46,896,897,900],{"class":48,"line":92},[46,898,899],{"class":75},"023a4cca58ac713090df15015a2efeadc73be522",[46,901,902],{"class":79}," refs/remotes/origin/master\n",[46,904,905],{"class":48,"line":97},[46,906,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,908,909,911],{"class":48,"line":113},[46,910,891],{"class":59},[46,912,913],{"class":63}," 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n",[46,915,916],{"class":48,"line":118},[46,917,918],{"class":75},"b4a007671bd331f1c6f5857aa9a6ab95d500b412\n",[46,920,921],{"class":48,"line":133},[46,922,923],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/alejguer-improve-readabiliy-geo\n",[46,925,926,929,932],{"class":48,"line":138},[46,927,928],{"class":75},"  2314938437eb962dadd6a88f45d463f8ed2c7cec",[46,930,931],{"class":79}," 3d3e36fa40e9b87b90ef31f80c63c767d0ef3638",[46,933,934],{"class":79}," refs/remotes/origin/ali/document-keyless-container-signing\n",[46,936,937,940],{"class":48,"line":168},[46,938,939],{"class":75},"+",[46,941,942],{"class":79}," c8107330f8d5a938f6349743310db030ca5159e6\n",[46,944,945],{"class":48,"line":173},[46,946,947],{"class":75},"e155670196e4974659304c79e670b238192bce08\n",[46,949,950],{"class":48,"line":197},[46,951,952],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/fc-add-failed-jobs-in-mr-part-2\n",[46,954,955],{"class":48,"line":202},[46,956,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,958,959,961],{"class":48,"line":222},[46,960,939],{"class":75},[46,962,963],{"class":79}," 9ec873de405b3c5078ad1c073711a222e7734337\n",[46,965,966],{"class":48,"line":227},[46,967,968],{"class":75},"eb7947e37d05460a94c988bf1f408f96228dd50d\n",[46,970,971],{"class":48,"line":236},[46,972,973],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/fc-mvc-details-page\n",[46,975,976],{"class":48,"line":253},[46,977,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,979,980,982],{"class":48,"line":270},[46,981,891],{"class":59},[46,983,913],{"class":63},[46,985,986],{"class":48,"line":293},[46,987,988],{"class":75},"36d214774f39d3c3d0569df8befd2b46d22ea94b\n",[46,990,991],{"class":48,"line":322},[46,992,993],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/group-runner-docs\n",[46,995,996],{"class":48,"line":342},[46,997,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,999,1000,1002],{"class":48,"line":366},[46,1001,939],{"class":75},[46,1003,1004],{"class":79}," b357bfdec53b96e76582ac5dd64deb2d35dbe697\n",[46,1006,1007],{"class":48,"line":386},[46,1008,1009],{"class":75},"7b85d775b1a46ea94e0b241aa0b6aa37ae2e0b69\n",[46,1011,1012],{"class":48,"line":411},[46,1013,1014],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/jwanjohi-add-abuse-training-data-table\n",[46,1016,1017],{"class":48,"line":431},[46,1018,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,1020,1021,1023],{"class":48,"line":456},[46,1022,939],{"class":75},[46,1024,1025],{"class":79}," c9beb0b9c0b933903c12393acaa2c4447bb9035f\n",[46,1027,1028],{"class":48,"line":476},[46,1029,1030],{"class":75},"fd13eda262c67a48495a0695659fea10b32e7e02\n",[46,1032,1034],{"class":48,"line":1033},29,[46,1035,1036],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/jy-permissions-blueprint\n",[46,1038,1040],{"class":48,"line":1039},30,[46,1041,53],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":52},[46,1043,1045,1047],{"class":48,"line":1044},31,[46,1046,939],{"class":75},[46,1048,1049],{"class":79}," 9ecf5a7fb7ca39a6a4296e569af0ddff1058a830\n",[46,1051,1053],{"class":48,"line":1052},32,[46,1054,1055],{"class":75},"3341369e650c931c46d9880f3b781dc1e21c9f75\n",[46,1057,1059],{"class":48,"line":1058},33,[46,1060,1061],{"class":75},"refs/remotes/origin/kassio/spike-pages-review-apps\n",[12,1063,1064],{},"This change allows us to be much more efficient when mirroring repositories.",[12,1066,1067,1068,1073],{},"Details of the patch series, including discussions can be found ",[15,1069,1072],{"href":1070,"rel":1071},"https://lore.kernel.org/git/cover.1683721293.git.ps@pks.im/",[],"here",".",[24,1075,1077],{"id":1076},"_2-a-new-way-to-read-git-attribute-files","2. A new way to read Git attribute files",[12,1079,1080,1081,1084,1085,1088,1089,1073],{},"Git attribute\nis a way to define attributes in a Git repository such as syntax highlighting.\nUntil now, Git only read ",[32,1082,1083],{},".gitattribute"," files in the wokrtree or the ",[32,1086,1087],{},".git/info/attributes"," files. On Gitaly servers, we store repositories on disk as ",[15,1090,1093],{"href":1091,"rel":1092},"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-clone#Documentation/git-clone.txt---bare",[],"bare repositories",[12,1095,1096,1097,1100,1101,1104],{},"This means that on the server we don't keep worktrees around. To support gitattributes on GitLab then, we use a workaround whereby when the user changes attributes on the default branch, we copy the contents of the blob ",[32,1098,1099],{},"HEAD:.gitattribute"," to the ",[32,1102,1103],{},"info/attributes"," file.",[37,1106,1109],{"className":523,"code":1107,"language":525,"meta":1108,"style":42},"  A[User A] -->|edit HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>git push| B[Gitaly]\n  B --> |copy HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>to info/attributes| C[info/attributes file]\n  D[GitLab UI] --> |Display code with syntax highlighting| B\n  B -.->|how should I do syntax highlighting?\u003Cbr/>Read info/attributes file| C\n","flowchart TD",[32,1110,1111,1116,1121,1126],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,1112,1113],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,1114,1115],{"class":63},"  A[User A] -->|edit HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>git push| B[Gitaly]\n",[46,1117,1118],{"class":48,"line":56},[46,1119,1120],{"class":63},"  B --> |copy HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>to info/attributes| C[info/attributes file]\n",[46,1122,1123],{"class":48,"line":67},[46,1124,1125],{"class":63},"  D[GitLab UI] --> |Display code with syntax highlighting| B\n",[46,1127,1128],{"class":48,"line":72},[46,1129,1130],{"class":63},"  B -.->|how should I do syntax highlighting?\u003Cbr/>Read info/attributes file| C\n",[684,1132,1134],{"id":1133},"solution-new-git-option-to-read-attribute-files-directly","Solution: New git option to read attribute files directly",[12,1136,1137,1138,1140],{},"To get rid of this extra step of copying a blob to ",[32,1139,1103],{},",",[12,1142,1143,1144],{},"I added a new git ",[15,1145,1148],{"href":1146,"rel":1147},"https://git-scm.com/docs/git#Documentation/git.txt---attr-sourcelttree-ishgt",[],"option",[12,1150,1151,1154,1155,1157],{},[32,1152,1153],{},"--attr-source=\u003Ctree>"," whereby a caller can pass in a tree from which Git will read the attributes file directly. This way Git can read the attributes blob directly without a worktree and without having to copy the contents to ",[32,1156,1103],{}," each time it changes.",[37,1159,1161],{"className":523,"code":1160,"language":525,"meta":1108,"style":42},"    A[User A] -->|edit HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>git push| B[Gitaly]\n    D[GitLab UI] --> |Display code with syntax highlighting|B\n    B --> |Directly read the HEAD:.gitattributes blob|B\n",[32,1162,1163,1168,1173],{"__ignoreMap":42},[46,1164,1165],{"class":48,"line":49},[46,1166,1167],{"class":63},"    A[User A] -->|edit HEAD:.gitattributes\u003Cbr/>git push| B[Gitaly]\n",[46,1169,1170],{"class":48,"line":56},[46,1171,1172],{"class":63},"    D[GitLab UI] --> |Display code with syntax highlighting|B\n",[46,1174,1175],{"class":48,"line":67},[46,1176,1177],{"class":63},"    B --> |Directly read the HEAD:.gitattributes blob|B\n",[12,1179,1180],{},"Having this feature in Git allows us to simplify this process a lot. We no longer have to manually copy over the contents to a separate file. Internally, this allows us to delete two RPCs, reducing complexity and improving performance.",[12,1182,1183,1184,1073],{},"Details of this patch series, including discussions can be found ",[15,1185,1072],{"href":1186,"rel":1187},"https://lore.kernel.org/git/pull.1470.v6.git.git.1683346530487.gitgitgadget@gmail.com/",[],[24,1189,1191],{"id":1190},"_3-bug-fix-in-commit-graph-generation-numbers","3. Bug fix in commit-graph generation numbers",[12,1193,1194,1195,1200],{},"A regression for truncated commit-graph generation numbers is a bug that we have been hitting for specific repositories, corrupting the commit-graph. The ",[15,1196,1199],{"href":1197,"rel":1198},"https://git-scm.com/docs/commit-graph",[],"commit graph"," is an important Git optimization that speeds up commit graph walks. Commit graph walks happen whenever Git has to walk through commit history. Any time we display commit history in the UI, for instance, it  will trigger a commit graph walk. Keeping these fast is crucial to a snappy browsing experience.",[684,1202,1204],{"id":1203},"solution-a-patch-series-to-fix-the-bug","Solution: A patch series to fix the bug",[12,1206,1207],{},"Patrick submitted a patch series to fix the regression for truncated commit-graph generation numbers bug",[12,1209,1183,1210,1073],{},[15,1211,1072],{"href":1212,"rel":1213},"https://lore.kernel.org/git/f8a0a869e8b0882f05cac49d78f49ba3553d3c44.1679904401.git.ps@pks.im/",[],[24,1215,1217,1218],{"id":1216},"_4-fix-for-stale-lockfiles-in-git-receive-pack","4. Fix for stale lockfiles in ",[32,1219,1220],{},"git-receive-pack",[12,1222,1223,1226,1227,1230,1231,1234,1235,1238,1239,1241],{},[32,1224,1225],{},"git-receive-pack(1)"," is a Git command that handles the server-side of pushes. When ",[32,1228,1229],{},"git push"," is run against a GitLab server, Gitaly will handle the ",[32,1232,1233],{},"ssh"," or ",[32,1236,1237],{},"http"," request and spawn a ",[32,1240,1225],{}," process behind the scenes to handle the push.",[12,1243,1244,1246],{},[32,1245,1225],{}," will write a lockfile when processing packfiles in order to prevent a race condition where a concurrent garbage-collecting process tries to delete the new packfile that is not yet being referenced by anything.",[12,1248,1249,1250,1252],{},"When the ",[32,1251,1225],{}," process dies prematurely for whatever reason, this lockfile was being left around instead of being cleaned up. Busy repositories that received many pushes a day could grow in size quickly due to the accumulation of these lockfiles.",[684,1254,1256],{"id":1255},"solution-a-patch-series-to-clean-up-unused-lockfiles","Solution: A patch series to clean up unused lockfiles",[12,1258,1259,1260,1262],{},"Patrick fixed this by submitting a patch series that allows ",[32,1261,1225],{}," to clean up its unused lockfiles. This allows GitLab to save space on its servers from having to keep useless lockfiles around.",[12,1264,1183,1265,1073],{},[15,1266,1072],{"href":1267,"rel":1268},"https://lore.kernel.org/git/e1ee1d8026a361bc58d16bc741e2b347ada7a53e.1678431076.git.ps@pks.im/",[],[24,1270,1272],{"id":1271},"_5-fixed-geometric-repacking-with-alternate-object-databases","5. Fixed geometric repacking with alternate object databases",[12,1274,1275],{},[15,1276,1279],{"href":1277,"rel":1278},"https://git-scm.com/docs/git-repack#Documentation/git-repack.txt---geometricltfactorgt",[],"Geometric repacking",[12,1281,1282],{},"is a repacking strategy where instead of packing everything into on giant pack each time, several packs are kept around according to a geometric progression based on object size.",[12,1284,1285],{},"This is useful for large and very busy repositories so that housekeeping doesn't have to pack all of its objects into a giant pack each time.",[12,1287,1288],{},"Unfortunately, geometric repacking had various corner case bugs when an alternate object database was involved. At GitLab, we leverage the Git alternates mechanism to save space in the case of forks. A fork of a repository shares most files. Instead of keeping a second copy of all the data, when we create a fork, we can deduplicate this data by having both the source repository, as well as the fork repository share objects by pointing to a third repository. This means that only one copy of a blob needs to be kept around rather than two.",[12,1290,1291],{},"Geometric repacking bugs prevented it from working in an object database that was connected to an alternate object database.",[684,1293,1295],{"id":1294},"solution-a-patch-series","Solution: A patch series",[12,1297,1298],{},"These bugs have been fixed via a patch series from Patrick. This helps us as we improve our implementation of object pools in Gitaly.",[12,1300,1183,1301,1073],{},[15,1302,1072],{"href":1303,"rel":1304},"https://lore.kernel.org/git/cover.1681452028.git.ps@pks.im/",[],[1306,1307,1308],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sD7c4, html code.shiki .sD7c4{--shiki-default:#D73A49}html pre.shiki code .sgsFI, html code.shiki .sgsFI{--shiki-default:#24292E}html pre.shiki code .s7eDp, html code.shiki .s7eDp{--shiki-default:#6F42C1}html pre.shiki code .sYBdl, html code.shiki .sYBdl{--shiki-default:#032F62}html pre.shiki code .sYu0t, html code.shiki .sYu0t{--shiki-default:#005CC5}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}",{"title":42,"searchDepth":56,"depth":56,"links":1310},[1311,1314,1317,1320,1324],{"id":26,"depth":56,"text":27,"children":1312},[1313],{"id":686,"depth":67,"text":687},{"id":1076,"depth":56,"text":1077,"children":1315},[1316],{"id":1133,"depth":67,"text":1134},{"id":1190,"depth":56,"text":1191,"children":1318},[1319],{"id":1203,"depth":67,"text":1204},{"id":1216,"depth":56,"text":1321,"children":1322},"4. 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